A surface on which the potential is constant is called an equipotential surface. (A curve on which the
potential is constant is called equipotential curve)
Note : The electric field lines are perpendicular to equipotential surface (every where) Since E = 0 inside a conductor, the entire conductor is at a constant potential.
For a point charge q and spherical charge distributions, the equipotential surfaces are spherical
fig.a & b dotted lines)
For a uniform field equipotential surface is plane (see fig. c dotted lines)
For a dipole, V = 0 surface is the equatorial plane. Other equipotential surfaces are curved.
Thus, in general equipotential surface can be of any shape.
When a charge is moved on an equipotential surfaces, work done is zero
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